Saturday 4 September 2010

Installment Trading

Installment Trading


 Installment trading means that payment for something over a certain periods in a number of installments.

 The initial payments made by the buyer is called down payment

Advantages and disadvantages of installment trading

Traders
 
Advantages
 
 Increase sales


 More profits

 Earn additional profit due to interest charged

 Able to sell expensive goods

 Can repossess the goods if sold under hire purchase

Disadvantages
 
 Difficulty in collecting installments


 Large capital to finance

 Incur more expensive cost

 Repossess article may be in poor conditions

 Compelled to sell second hand goods


Customers
 
Advantages
 
 Enjoy the use of goods while paying for them


 Forced to save to pay installment

 Can get better quality and more expensive goods

 Guarantee after sale service

 Doesn’t have to save full amount in order to get the goods

Disadvantages
 
 Tempted to over buy


 Buy things which he cannot really afford

 High rate of interest

 If the goods are repossessing, he will face big loss

 Bound by the agreement signed


Type of installment trading
 
 The two main types of installment trading are


1. Hire purchase       2. Deferred Payment

Payment
 
Hire purchase:- The buyer is require to make down payment and pay the balance in small installments
 
Deferred Payment:- The buyer is require to make down payment and pay the balance in small installments
 
Ownership
 
Hire purchase:-  The buyer is ONLY considered as hire not a legal owner


 Seller can reclaim the goods sold if the buyer fails to pay installment

 Buyer is allowed to use the goods while paying



Deferred Payment:- The buyer considered as legal owner of good bought


 If the buyer fails to pay installment, the seller has no right to reclaim the goods but they can sue the buyer


Interest
Hire purchase:- The buyer is required to pay more than the cost price of goods where the extra amount is called interest
 
Deferred Payment:-The buyer is required to pay more than the cost price of goods where the extra amount is called interest
 
Type of goods
Hire purchase:-Expensive and durable goods

E.g. Leisure Boat ,Machine, Car



Deferred Payment:-Expensive and durable goods but no second hand value


E.g. Gowns, Toys, Electrical Appliances


Differences between Hire Purchase and Deferred Payment

1. Hire Purchases allows the buyer to choose whether to buy the goods or not depending on his paying the final installment

where as

Deferred Payment is an actual sale


2. In hire purchases where the buyer doesn’t own the goods immediately. Therefore, ownership of the goods cannot be transferred until the final installment has been paid

where as


In Deferred Payment where the buyer owns the goods immediately. Therefore, he can dispose of the goods whenever he wishes



3.In hire purchases where if the buyer fails to pay the installments, the seller can take possession of the goods

where as

In Deferred Payment where if the buyer fails to pay the installments, the seller cannot reclaim the goods but can sue the buyer for the debts



4. Hire purchase is suitable for goods with good resale value

where as

In Deferred Payment where it is suitable for goods with low resale value


How to calculate?


Example 1:

The cash price of a computer is $2,000. Sale terms are $500 cash deposit and 12 monthly payments of $150. Calculate the credit charge?

Working:

Step 1: 12 X $150 = $1,800

Step 2: $500 + $1,800 = $2,300

Step 3: $2,300 - $2,000 = $300



Example 2;

Heliza wishes to buy a brand new car. The cash price of the new car is $20,000. She can only afford to buy the car on hire purchase with down payment of 10% of the cash price and 48 monthly installment of $500. Calculate

a) the down payment

b) total monthly installment

c) total hire purchase cost

d) the interest charge

Working:

a) $20,000 X 10% = $2,000

b) 48 X $500 = $24,000

c) $2,000 + $24,000 = $26,000

d) $26,000 - $20,000 = $6,000

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